In the ever-evolving world of construction and maintenance work, safety and efficiency are paramount. One tool that has revolutionized working at height is the Mobile Elevating Work Platform, commonly referred to as MEWP. These machines are designed to safely lift workers and their tools to high and hard-to-reach places, reducing the need for scaffolding or ladders. But what exactly are MEWPs? How are they classified, and what safety practices surround their use? This guide breaks it all down.
What Is a MEWP?
A Mobile Elevating Work Platform (MEWP) is a type of mechanical equipment used to provide temporary access to inaccessible areas, typically at height. MEWPs consist of a platform or work cage that can be raised vertically, horizontally, or both, and are mounted on a vehicle or chassis that allows mobility.
These machines are commonly used in construction, facility maintenance, tree trimming, window cleaning, and warehousing. They are designed to reduce the risks associated with working at height by offering a stable guardrail platform.
Key Features of MEWPs
Some common features include:
- Extendable platforms for greater reach.
- Guardrails and harness points for fall protection.
- Controls are located on the platform for operator access.
- Outriggers or stabilizers for balance on uneven surfaces.
- Emergency lowering systems in case of malfunction.
MEWPs can be self-propelled or static and are available in various sizes and models to suit specific job requirements.
Types of MEWPs
MEWPs are categorized into different types based on their design and movement capabilities. The main categories, as defined by industry standards like ISO 16368 and ANSI A92, include:
1. Scissor Lifts (Type 3A)
Scissor lifts raise the platform in a straight vertical direction using a crisscrossing metal support system. They are ideal for indoor work and flat surfaces. They offer a wide platform and high load capacity.
Common uses: Electrical installation, painting, HVAC maintenance.
MEWPs can be self-propelled or static and are available in various sizes and models to suit specific job requirements.
2. Boom Lifts (Articulating and Telescopic)
Boom lifts come in two forms:
- Articulating Boom Lifts have multiple sections that hinge or “articulate,” allowing the platform to move up, over, and around obstacles.
- Telescopic Boom Lifts have straight arms that extend to reach higher elevations directly.
Common uses: Tree trimming, exterior building maintenance, signage installation.
3. Vertical Mast Lifts
These are compact, lightweight MEWPs designed for vertical access in tight areas. Their small footprint makes them ideal for indoor tasks.
Common uses: Stock picking, light fixture repair in retail spaces.
4. Vehicle-Mounted MEWPs
These are MEWPs attached to a vehicle, providing the added benefit of mobility. They are commonly used in roadside and utility work.
Common uses: Streetlight maintenance, traffic signal work, utility pole access.
Classifications of MEWPs (Based on Mobility and Positioning)
According to international standards, MEWPs are also classified based on movement:
- Group A: Platforms that move vertically but within the tipping lines (e.g., scissor lifts).
- Group B: Platforms that can move beyond the tipping lines (e.g., boom lifts).
And based on the driving location:
- Type 1: Can only be moved when in the stowed position.
- Type 2: Can be moved while elevated but controlled from the chassis.
- Type 3: Can be moved while elevated and controlled from the platform.
So, for example, a scissor lift might be classified as Type 3A, meaning it is Group A (vertical only) and can be driven from the platform when elevated.
Benefits of Using MEWPs
MEWPs have become an essential tool in many industries due to their numerous advantages:
- Enhanced safety: Guardrails, anti-tip design, and harness anchor points protect workers at height.
- Efficiency: Allows quick access to elevated work areas, saving time on setup compared to scaffolding.
- Versatility: Available in multiple designs and sizes for indoor and outdoor use.
- Flexibility: Can be used on rough terrains, in narrow spaces, and for a wide range of tasks.
Safety Considerations for MEWP Use
Working with MEWPs requires proper training and awareness of safety protocols. Key safety guidelines include:
1. Pre-Use Inspections
Operators should always conduct a thorough inspection of the MEWP before use. This includes checking:
- Fluid levels
- Tires and outriggers
- Emergency systems
- Controls and platform guardrails
2. Fall Protection
Even though MEWPs have guardrails, many job sites require workers to wear personal fall protection equipment (PFPE) like a harness and lanyard attached to an anchor point on the platform.
3. Load Capacity
Do not exceed the manufacturer’s rated load capacity. This includes the weight of the operator(s), tools, and materials.
4. Environmental Conditions
MEWPs should not be operated in high winds or severe weather. Surface conditions also matter—some MEWPs are not suitable for rough terrain.
5. Training and Certification
Only trained and authorized personnel should operate MEWPs. OSHA and ANSI standards require operators to be certified through a recognized training program.
Common Hazards and How to Avoid Them
Despite their benefits, MEWPs are not without risks. Common hazards include:
- Tipping over: Caused by exceeding weight limits or operating on uneven ground.
- Falls from height: Due to improper use of harnesses or guardrails.
- Contact with overhead power lines: A major hazard when working outdoors.
- Collision with people or objects: Especially in tight or crowded work zones.
How to avoid these?
- Always use the right MEWP for the job.
- Perform job hazard analysis (JHA) before starting work.
- Ensure clear communication and visual signals during operation.
- Keep a safe distance from electrical sources.
MEWP Regulations and Compliance
In the U.S., the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) governs MEWP safety through the 29 CFR 1926 Subpart L standard. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI A92) also guides design, safe use, and training requirements.
In the UK, MEWP usage is guided by the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) and Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER). The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) also provides a wealth of guidance on MEWP operations.
Employers are responsible for:
- Conducting risk assessments
- Providing appropriate training
- Ensuring regular maintenance and inspection of MEWPs
Conclusion
MEWPs are invaluable tools that help professionals safely and efficiently access high places. Understanding the different types, their applications, and associated safety practices is essential for any employer or worker using this equipment. When used correctly and responsibly, MEWPs can significantly reduce the risk of falls and improve productivity in high-access work.
Whether you’re a construction worker, maintenance technician, or safety officer, knowing the ins and outs of MEWPs is key to creating a safer, more effective workplace.
